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Small Diameter Artificial Arteries Developed
Researchers from the University of Rhode Island have recently developed a small diameter artificial artery to be used with patients who require a bypass graft because of the progression of diabetes or smoking. While large artificial arteries (10 to 15 millimeters in diameter) have been in use for about 50 years for replacing large blood vessels, development of a small-diameter artificial artery (less than 5 millimeters) has been unsuccessful due to rapid failure when implanted.
The polyester and collagen are electrospun into a mesh of ultra-fine fibers. Electrospinning uses electrostatic forces to distort a droplet of polymer solution into a fine filament to be deposited onto a surface. The process allows production of novel synthetic fibers of unusually small diameter and good mechanical properties. Other potential applications include wound dressing materials, artificial organs, and protective clothing. Collagen allows the attachment of bioactive proteins that will promote healing and reduce clot formation.
Collagen will be eliminated as the body’s own cells take up spaces in the artery or graft, thus reducing the potential for rejection. The next step for the three researchers is to find a private company interested in licensing the product to allow for further research and eventual production for the market.
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